The Parisian club has now won the prestigious trophy on 14 different times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the match featuring the French league winners and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele found the net early on.
However, Marseille struck twice late to take a shock advantage. Initially, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital equaliser in the dying seconds to force the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all scored with composure for PSG to seal a 4-1 shootout win.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the last thirteen years.